Authors: Christopher Sabatini and Ryan C. Berg
Affiliation: Chatham House, American Enterprise Institute
Organization/Publisher: Foreign Policy
Date/Place: February 10, 2021/USA
Type of Literature: Argument
Word Count: 1931
Link:https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/02/10/autocrats-have-a-playbook-now-democrats-need-one-too/
Keywords: Authoritarianism, Democratization, Economic Development
Brief:
The authors Sabatini and Berg state that democratic governments have failed to generate a strategy to write their own “democrat’s playbook” and to respond to institutional manipulations from within. Asia and Latin America are named as examples of “competitive authoritarianism” with elected autocrats, who came up with “survival strategies based upon the prior success and failures of other governments”. The leaders of these countries further ask each other for assistance in rebuilding and restructuring certain authorities in their own governments, since autocrats are willing to keep one another in power. Threats, such as sanctions and public shaming, have not been proven as effective tools when it comes to curbing the autocrat’s power. Sabatini and Berg identify “sowing public division or exacerbating existing tension” as one of the first alerting steps of autocrats to be able to gain power. Once they have gained power, they focus on “electoral reengineering”, meaning that “changes are made to favour the incumbent”. These changes, together with the use of state resources for future elections as well as having a supportive media coverage of the ruling party, guarantee the autocrat to remain in power. The third step in the autocrat’s playbook consists of dominating the public space and suffocating civil society. The last step contains “packing the judiciary and politicizing the armed forces and national police” , having political opponents jailed and creating “pro-government paramilitary groups” to remain in power. The authors conclude with recommending the Biden administration to consider “appointing a term-limited special representative against democratic backsliding in the White House”. This office would help to form a strategy together with other democracies, international organizations, and civil society, which will lead to international commitment to the “democrat’s playbook” to win the game.
By: Dilek Yücel, CIGA Senior Research Associate
